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megan
I'm a girl! Ok so I have a phone, camera, ipod ihome, and all the electronics. I definetly don't want those! I don't want a lot but I want some creative ideas. So far I have this magazine rack from PB Teen and some OPI nail polish. I don't know what else I want. I don't want money either:-) I know that sounds wierd but I want a gift. Please give me some creative ideas!
Answer
How about books or a youth membership to your local art museum (or the natural history museum)?
How about books or a youth membership to your local art museum (or the natural history museum)?
About time periods in European history and what was happening during these periods?
diddledaff
What are the dates for the beginning and end of the following?
-Reformation What happened?
-Renaissance What happened?
-Enlightenment What happened?
-Scientific Revolution What happened?
Also, is the enlightenment and scientific revolution the same thing, but not the renaissance and reformation?
Answer
To start with, historical periods, unlike years, months, weeks, and days, don't have a rigid start and finish. They overlap and blend a great deal.
The Reformation is held to have begun when Luther nailed his 95 Theses to the cathedral door in Wittenberg; this was, at the time, the accepted way to put the university on notice that a professor wanted to open a debate on the subject at hand; in short, Luther, a Catholic monk, did NOT start out with the intention of forming a new school of religious thought. This occurred in 1517, and led to radical changes throughout what is now Germany, and inspired other reformers, such as Zwingli and Calvin. This went on until the Thirty Years' War, which was literally a war of religion, the Catholic nations fighting against the Protestant nations; in such struggles, no one really wins. The conflict began in 1614 and wasn't settled until 1648--an entire generation grew up knowing nothing but war and its accompanying desolation.
The Renaissance is equally fluid. Many feel that its first stirrings were felt in Italy which, like Germany, was really a patchwork of small principalities, duchies, a republic or two (such as Venice), and a lot of city-states. There were also the lands under the rule of the Pope. This was approximate the 13th century, and the new ideas of humanity as being not just evil and bent on evil, but the pinnacle of creation, began to take hold as the learning of the ancient Greeks and Romans began to be rediscovered. Ironically, it was through the Muslims that this learning had been preserved.
It spread northward slowly, so slowly that Elizabeth I, thee daughter of Henry VIII, was considered (like her father), to have been a model of a Renaissance ruler. Keep in mind that the Renaissance is felt to have begun in the 1200's, and she wasn't born until 1533.
The Scientific Revolution began in the later art of the 1500's and reached its height in the 1600's. The study of science was quite fashionable, and by the mid-1600's was no longer the province of men such as Galileo and Copernicus. The middle class was coming into prominence, and many merchants who had made their money took up science as a hobby. This period, in turn, segued into what we call the Enlightenment, in which logic and reason became paramount and religion began to lose its hold over people.
Many of the scientists and philosophers of the Enlightenment--which is most closely associated with the 18th century--professed no religious convictions at all, or were Deists, a system that viewed the Creator as one who had set up the universe ;much as a clockmaker would do in assembling a clock. Then, it was presumed, that the universe was just left to its own devices.
Now, it's true that the Enlightenment was a by product of the Scientific Revolution, but they really can't be considered to be one and the same, because the spirit of inquiry that fueled the Scientific Revolution had spread to other fields, such as philosophy and theology.
Enlightenment thinkers believed int the perfectibility of humankind.
It's certainly something to aspire to, but, alas, we are still humans and all too often the worse part of our nature overcomes the better part.
In the same way, the Renaissance led to the Reformation with its spirit of inquiry and rediscovery of old texts in their original languages, but it was not the same thing.
To start with, historical periods, unlike years, months, weeks, and days, don't have a rigid start and finish. They overlap and blend a great deal.
The Reformation is held to have begun when Luther nailed his 95 Theses to the cathedral door in Wittenberg; this was, at the time, the accepted way to put the university on notice that a professor wanted to open a debate on the subject at hand; in short, Luther, a Catholic monk, did NOT start out with the intention of forming a new school of religious thought. This occurred in 1517, and led to radical changes throughout what is now Germany, and inspired other reformers, such as Zwingli and Calvin. This went on until the Thirty Years' War, which was literally a war of religion, the Catholic nations fighting against the Protestant nations; in such struggles, no one really wins. The conflict began in 1614 and wasn't settled until 1648--an entire generation grew up knowing nothing but war and its accompanying desolation.
The Renaissance is equally fluid. Many feel that its first stirrings were felt in Italy which, like Germany, was really a patchwork of small principalities, duchies, a republic or two (such as Venice), and a lot of city-states. There were also the lands under the rule of the Pope. This was approximate the 13th century, and the new ideas of humanity as being not just evil and bent on evil, but the pinnacle of creation, began to take hold as the learning of the ancient Greeks and Romans began to be rediscovered. Ironically, it was through the Muslims that this learning had been preserved.
It spread northward slowly, so slowly that Elizabeth I, thee daughter of Henry VIII, was considered (like her father), to have been a model of a Renaissance ruler. Keep in mind that the Renaissance is felt to have begun in the 1200's, and she wasn't born until 1533.
The Scientific Revolution began in the later art of the 1500's and reached its height in the 1600's. The study of science was quite fashionable, and by the mid-1600's was no longer the province of men such as Galileo and Copernicus. The middle class was coming into prominence, and many merchants who had made their money took up science as a hobby. This period, in turn, segued into what we call the Enlightenment, in which logic and reason became paramount and religion began to lose its hold over people.
Many of the scientists and philosophers of the Enlightenment--which is most closely associated with the 18th century--professed no religious convictions at all, or were Deists, a system that viewed the Creator as one who had set up the universe ;much as a clockmaker would do in assembling a clock. Then, it was presumed, that the universe was just left to its own devices.
Now, it's true that the Enlightenment was a by product of the Scientific Revolution, but they really can't be considered to be one and the same, because the spirit of inquiry that fueled the Scientific Revolution had spread to other fields, such as philosophy and theology.
Enlightenment thinkers believed int the perfectibility of humankind.
It's certainly something to aspire to, but, alas, we are still humans and all too often the worse part of our nature overcomes the better part.
In the same way, the Renaissance led to the Reformation with its spirit of inquiry and rediscovery of old texts in their original languages, but it was not the same thing.
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